Cyclo-cross is a form of cycle racing. Races usually take place in the fall and winter (international season or "World Cup" is October-February), and consist of several short laps (2.53.5 km or 1.52 miles) with paved roads, wooded trails, grass, and steep hills. The participant is required to get off quickly, carry the bike to cross the obstruction, and ride again. Senior category races are usually between 40 minutes and an hour long, with varying distances depending on the conditions. The sport is very strong in popular cycling countries such as Belgium, France and the Netherlands.
There are a lot of stories about the origin of cyclo-cross. One is that European road cyclists in the early 1900's raced each other to the next town and were allowed to cross the farmers' fields or over the fence, or take any other shortcuts, to get there. This was sometimes called the steeple chase as the only visible spot in the next town was usually the steeple. This was a way to keep them in good condition during the winter months and to bring some change in road races. Additionally, off-road riding in conditions that were more difficult than smooth terrain increased the intensity with which cyclists rode and improved their cycling skills. Compulsory running parts, or displays, were combined to help bring warm blood to the feet and toes, as well as to exercise other muscle groups. Daniel Gousseau of France is credited with inspiring the first cyclo-cross race and organizing the first French National Championship in 1902. Go Lefvre, the founder of the Tour de France, also played a key role in the early days of the sport.
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